Causes of hair diseases
The causes, which result in hair disease, are divided into internal and
external causes. The external causes include: hair coloration, decolouration and
long use of close head-dresses, constant friction about some subjects (for
example, it is observed, that children’s hair fall out on back of the head
during friction about a pillow), various traumas and an improper care.
The internal causes include:
dermal diseases (furunculosis, mycosis, etc.);
intoxication of the body;
diseases of infectious nature (typhoid, syphilis, etc.);
the postoperative period;
medicinal allergy;
frustration of nervous system, hormonal dysfunction;
deficiency of vitamins and microelements (for example, iron, sulfur, zinc,
vitamins A, Е, etc.);
exposure to radiation;
malfunctions of the digestive tract .
The structure of hair shows, that its growth, condition and appearance depend on
condition of its papilla which is a source of its nutrition and development, and
also on vital activity of sebaceous and sweat glands of the head skin (as they
support softness and an elasticity of the hair shaft). Functions of the pa-pilla,
sebaceous and sweat glands are controlled mainly by nervous and endocrine
systems of the organ-ism.
In the case of nervous exhaustion, overfatigue, depression we can observe
dryness and fragility of hair accompanying with occurrence of dandruff. Dandruff
is a result of excessive shedding of dead stratum corneum cells of the surface
of keratoid layer (accompanying with itch). Dryness is caused by weak func-tion
of sebaceous and sweat glands. The papilla decreases, the follicle is exhausted,
causing dystrophia. That results, as time goes on, in massive falling out of the
hair.
Strong stresses can cause "nesting" baldness: spots of a spherical form,
practically without hair, are formed on the skin. And if nesting alopecia is not
accompanied by the papilla destruction the growth proc-ess is restored although
slowly.
Other cause which can affects the hair papilla is different kinds of
intoxication of the body (infectious, ali-mentary, connected with pregnancy, etc.).
Sometimes hair falls out as tufts, and not only on the scalp, but also on
eyebrows, eyelashes, on the body. Intoxication can be caused by reduction of the
kidney clean-sing function. It is not slow to have influence on condition of the
skin and hair.
Dryness, fragility of hair can be caused by poor level of the hormone contents
in the blood. Poor and in-complete nutrition can cause the same result.
Dryness and falling out of hair are caused often by improper hair care and
traumatizing actions.
Above-mentioned external causes include: often use of alkali soap, hot
hair-drier, coarse combing (by metal and poor-quality wooden hairbrushes with
barbs), colouring with the use of fixing agent at perhydrol concentration more
than 12%, solar superactivity combining with dry wind (by the sea), and also
long bearing of one kind of hairdo (horsetail, backcombing) and of the hair
parting. The improper care results change of hair structure and beginning of "split",
that is—hair splits, this disease is called trichoptilosis.
Change of functions of various organs and systems of the body can result in hair
greasiness. Hair be-comes oily, sticks together, and is covered by fat scales:
dandruff. The disease is called seborrhea. In-creased greasiness can be caused
by improper care – rubbing in of big quantity of fatty nutritious oils, masks.
Seborrheal baldness causes much aggravation for men. The seborrhea is hyper- or
a hypoactivity of se-baceous glands of the skin. Hyperfunction causes fat
dandruff consisting of large scales—fat seborrhea; a hypoactivity causes small
"snowflakes"—dry seborrhea. Often seborrhea caused by failure of vitamins and
microelements, but also there is hereditary seborrhea transferred to males
through dominant character, from parents: the daddy or the grandfather. This
character forms sebum which collects in hair pockets as corks, gradually
expanding and blocking access of the blood to hair bulbs. In a result, hair
perishes, and new one does not grow. In such a way, seborrheal baldness begins.
For intensifying nutrition of hair, it is necessary to increase inflow of the
blood incoming to them. With this purpose we use massage of the hair part of the
head: we press tips of fingers (but not nails) and move the skin in different
directions, duration of procedure is 5-10 minutes. At baldness "as the letter of
M", it is use-ful to lift eyebrows upwards or, having pressed eyebrows by
fingers, to try to lift them, that results in mus-cle tension on an apex of the
skull. It is also useful to pull an elastic band (hard enough, but not too
tight) for some minutes on the skull (along the circle: eyebrows - the skull
base). This will increase the blood quantity accumulating in the hair zone.
